Cortical metabolic changes and clinical outcome in normal pressure hydrocephalus after ventriculoperitoneal shunt: Our preliminary results

Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol (Engl Ed). 2020 Nov-Dec;39(6):367-374. doi: 10.1016/j.remn.2020.01.005. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: Our objective was to evaluate the cortical metabolic changes and clinical outcome in patients affected by idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) after a placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt.

Materials and methods: 10 patients affected by suspected iNPH underwent a CSF hydrodynamics evaluation based on a lumbar infusion test (LIT). The main selection criterion for surgery was based on intracranial elasticity (IE)>0.30. All subjects with an IE>0.30 underwent a PET scan with 18 fluorodeoxiglucose (18F-FDG) at baseline (PET1) and 1 month after surgery (PET2). Furthermore, the same patients were submitted to clinical evaluation before and 1 month after surgery through neuropsychological tests and gait analysis.

Results: An overall number of 20 18F-FDG PET scans were performed in all the enrolled patients. As compared to PET1, PET2 showed an increase in glucose consumption in the left frontal and left parietal lobe in PET2 as compared to PET1 (P<.001). All the enrolled patients presented a significant increase in neuropsychological scores (i.e Frontal Assessment Battery and Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and have clinically improved at gait analysis. A significant correlation was found between the increase of cortical glucose consumption in the left parietal area and the cognitive improvement as detectable by neuropsychological assessment.

Conclusions: Improvement in 18F FDG PET glucose metabolism could be considered a useful imaging marker for the assessment of iNPH response to VP shunting.

Keywords: Análisis de la marcha; Cognitive impairment; Deterioro cognitivo; FDG; Gait analysis; Hidrocefalia idiopática de presión normal; Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; Positron emission tomography; Tomografía de emisión de positrones.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cerebral Cortex / diagnostic imaging
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism*
  • Cognition Disorders / etiology
  • Female
  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Gait Disorders, Neurologic / etiology
  • Humans
  • Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / complications
  • Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / diagnostic imaging
  • Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / metabolism
  • Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / surgery*
  • Male
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt*

Substances

  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Fluorine-18