Objective: To understand the prevalence of depressive symptoms of middle school students in rural areas of Zizhong County, and to analyze its main influencing factors.
Methods: In October 2015, two rural middle schools in Zizhong County, Sichuan Province, were selected to conduct a self-administered questionnaire survey(general demographic characteristics, the center for epidemiological studies depression scale(CES-D), self-esteem scale(SES) and connor-davidson resilience scale(CD-RICS)) on all the students(there were 2744 effective persons, including 1308 boys and 1436 girls, 554 middle school students and 2190 high school students), and then carried out a follow-up survey every semester.
Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 30. 5%(in the baseline survey, it was 26. 7%, the third 35. 7% and the fifth 29. 8%), and the rate of female students was 30. 3%, higher than that of male students 22. 9%(χ~2=19. 72, P<0. 05). The main influencing factors of depressive symptoms of rural middle school students in Sichuan were gender(β=0. 201, P=0. 001), be aware of whether teacher liked or not(β=0. 228, P=0. 005), be aware of whether classmates liked or not(β=0. 488, P<0. 001), be aware of the relationship with parents(β=0. 201, P=0. 001), the power of the psychological resilience(β=0. 046, P<0. 001) and the optimism of the psychological resilience(β=-0. 030, P=0. 038), self-esteem(β=-0. 140, P<0. 001).
Conclusion: The depression symptoms of adolescents are related to many factors. The self-conscious teachers and classmates do not like himself(herself), and the bad relationship with parents are positively related to the depression symptoms of adolescents, while the psychological resilience and self-esteem are negatively related. The multi-level Model of repeated measurement is suitable for the analysis of the influencing factors and their changing rules in the longitudinal study of depression symptoms.
Keywords: depressive symptom; influencing factors; rural middle school student; two-level Logistic regression.