Transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy after domino liver transplantation: Results of a cross-sectional study

Am J Transplant. 2021 Jan;21(1):372-381. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16216. Epub 2020 Aug 26.

Abstract

Domino liver transplantation (DLT) has been used widely in patients with hereditary amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis. New-onset polyneuropathy in recipients of DLT has been reported, but there are few cases of cardiac involvement reported. We aimed to perform a cross-sectional study for ATTR amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) in DLT recipients. We evaluated 23 living DLT recipients a median of 9 years since DLT at 2 referral centers with a systematic cardiac evaluation, including bone scintigraphy. Median age was 72 years, 91% had hypertension, 35% had diabetes mellitus, 67% had chronic renal failure, and 8 patients (35%) developed new-onset polyneuropathy. Only 13% had a normal electrocardiogram and a normal echocardiography, and most of them showed some conduction disturbance or increase in left ventricular wall thickness, but only 1 patient with a Glu89Lys mutation developed ATTR-CM diagnosed by bone scintigraphy and endomyocardial biopsy. None of the recipients of a DLT with Val30Met mutation showed cardiac involvement by bone scintigraphy. In conclusion, DLT from Val30Met donors seems to be safe regarding the development of ATTR-CM. Evaluation of cardiomyopathy in DLT recipients is challenging due to concomitant comorbidities and in this context, bone scintigraphy can be helpful to evaluate ATTR-CM.

Keywords: clinical research/practice; domino transplantation; heart disease: immune/inflammatory; heart transplantation/cardiology; liver transplantation/hepatology.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial* / genetics
  • Cardiomyopathies* / etiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Liver Transplantation* / adverse effects

Supplementary concepts

  • Amyloidosis, Hereditary, Transthyretin-Related