Biological agents are widely used in the treatment of autoimmune rheumatic disorders. We report on serious adverse events during treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody in two of our patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. One patient was treated with a biological agent due to juvenile idiopathic arthritis complicated by uveitis, developing miliary tuberculosis during treatment. After treatment with antituberculotics, she recovered completely. Her underlying disease is currently in remission. Another patient was treated for juvenile spondyloarthritis and developed an inflammatory process of the central nervous system with serious neurological deficits. He was treated with high-dose corticosteroids, followed by slowly tapering doses of corticosteroids. His neurological deficits improved, but are still present. Similar cases have been described previously, but there are no recommendations how to treat arthritis afterwards in such patients. We would like to emphasize the need of developing guidelines for further treatment of arthritis after the occurrence of serious adverse effects during treatment with biological agents.
Keywords: Arthritis, juvenile; Neurologic manifestations; Rheumatology; Tuberculosis, miliary; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha – adverse effects.