Reelin Promotes Cisplatin Resistance by Induction of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via p38/GSK3β/Snail Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Med Sci Monit. 2020 Aug 7:26:e925298. doi: 10.12659/MSM.925298.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests the involvement of Reelin in chemoresistance in various cancers. However, its function in cisplatin (DDP) sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) needs to be investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Reelin expression in cisplatin-sensitive A549 cells and cisplatin-resistant NSCLC (A549/DDP) cells was analyzed by western blot analysis. qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, CCK-8 assays, Annexin V/propidium iodide apoptosis assay, and Transwell migration assays were carried out to determine the function of Reelin on DDP resistance. RESULTS Reelin was markedly increased in A549/DDP cells relative to A549 cells. Knockdown of Reelin enhanced DDP chemosensitivity of A549/DDP cells, whereas overexpression of Reelin enhanced DDP resistance of A549, H1299, and H460 cells. Reelin induced DDP resistance in NSCLC cells via facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, Reelin modulated p38/GSK3ß signal transduction and promoted Snail (EMT-associated transcription factor) expression. Suppression of p38/Snail reversed Reelin-induced EMT and resistance of NSCLC cells to DDP. CONCLUSIONS These data indicated that Reelin induces DDP resistance of NSCLC by regulation of the p38/GSK3ß/Snail/EMT signaling pathway and provide evidence that Reelin suppression can be an effective strategy to suppress DDP resistance in NSCLC.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / physiology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cisplatin / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / physiology*
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / physiology*
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / physiology*
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / physiology*
  • Reelin Protein
  • Serine Endopeptidases / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Reelin Protein
  • SNAI1 protein, human
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors
  • GSK3B protein, human
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • RELN protein, human
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • Cisplatin