Meniscal tissue engineering via 3D printed PLA monolith with carbohydrate based self-healing interpenetrating network hydrogel

Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Nov 1:162:1358-1371. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.238. Epub 2020 Aug 8.

Abstract

Failure of bioengineered meniscus implant after transplantation is a major concern owing to mechanical failure, lack of chondrogenic capability and patient specific design. In this article, we have, for the first time, fabricated a 3D printed scaffold with carbohydrate based self-healing interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels-based monolith construct for load bearing meniscus tissue. 3D printed PLA scaffold was surface functionalized and embedded with self-healing IPN hydrogel for interfacial bonding further characterized by micro CT. Using collagen (C), alginate (A) and oxidized alginate (ADA), we developed self-healing IPN hydrogels with dual crosslinking (Ca2+ based ionic crosslinking and Schiff base (A-A, A-ADA)) capability and studied their physicochemical properties. Further, we studied human stem cells behaviour and chondrogenic differentiation potential within these IPN hydrogels. In-vivo heterotopic implantation confirmed biocompatibility of the monolith showing the feasibility of using carbohydrate based IPN hydrogel embedded in 3D printed scaffold for meniscal tissue development.

Keywords: 3D printing; Alginate; Chondrogenesis; IPN hydrogel; Meniscus tissue engineering.

MeSH terms

  • Alginates / chemistry*
  • Animals
  • Chondrogenesis*
  • Humans
  • Meniscus / cytology
  • Meniscus / metabolism*
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Printing, Three-Dimensional*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Tissue Engineering*
  • Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry*

Substances

  • Alginates