New Insights into the Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Cirrhosis

Semin Thromb Hemost. 2020 Sep;46(6):673-681. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1715473. Epub 2020 Aug 20.

Abstract

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a frequent event in patients with cirrhosis regardless of etiology. Notwithstanding the commonality of the problem, the pathophysiology and risk factors for PVT in cirrhosis are largely unknown. The clinical impact of PVT in the natural history of cirrhosis is unclear, indications for PVT treatment are not well defined, and treatment recommendations are based on experts' opinion and consensus only. Therefore, this review aims to summarize current knowledge of mechanisms and risk factors for PVT development and assess the current evidence of PVT management, with a special focus on strategies of anticoagulation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications*
  • Liver Cirrhosis / pathology
  • Male
  • Risk Factors
  • Venous Thrombosis / etiology*
  • Venous Thrombosis / pathology
  • Venous Thrombosis / therapy*