Young age increases the risk of lymph-node metastasis in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma

BMC Cancer. 2020 Sep 4;20(1):851. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07354-7.

Abstract

Background: The risk of positive lymph nodes in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (MIBC) can be used to guide treatment recommendations. However, little is known about the effect of age on lymph node positivity (LN+). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of age on LN+ in MIBC.

Methods: We analyzed patients with stage T2-T4 bladder urothelial carcinoma who had not received preoperative radiotherapy, had at least one lymph node examined, and underwent cystectomy between 1998 and 2015. The Cochran-Armitage trend test and logistic univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age on LN+ in all T stages.

Results: In total, 15,624 patients with MIBC were identified, including 747 patients aged ≤50 years (4.78%), 2614 patients aged 50-59 years (16.73%), 4914 patients aged 60-69 years (31.45%), 5225 patients aged 70-79 years old (33.44%), and 2124 patients aged > 80 years (13.59%). In T2-T4 staging, LN+ was negatively correlated with age. After adjustment for several covariates, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age was an independent risk factor for LN+.

Conclusions: In this large SEER analysis, Young patients with MIBC have a higher risk of lymph node metastasis. This finding is worthy of further study and may eventually affect the treatment decisions of young patients.

Keywords: Age at diagnosis; Lymph nodes; Urinary bladder neoplasms.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cystectomy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscles / pathology*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Risk Factors
  • SEER Program
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / surgery