Balancing the Affinity and Pharmacokinetics of Antibodies by Modulating the Size of Charge Patches on Complementarity-Determining Regions

A localized positive charge on IgG (referred to as a "charge patch") shows an adverse effect on pharmacokinetics (PK), so it would seem to be best practice to avoid charge patches during the discovery stage and closely monitor charge interactions during the development process. In certain circumstances, however, charge patches are required for target binding, in which case completely removing charge patches is not feasible. Therefore, quantitative measurement of a charge patch and its impact on PK is critical to the success of therapeutic antibody development. In this article, we generated mutations of a recombinant human antibody (referred to as mAb1) with disrupted charge patches to investigate how charge patches on IgG antibodies impact both target-binding affinity and PK-related factors. We conclude that it is important to modulate the size of the charge patch in order to balance target-binding affinity and PK.