A real-world comparison of cisplatin vs cetuximab used concurrently with radiation in the treatment of locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma

Head Neck. 2021 Jan;43(1):153-163. doi: 10.1002/hed.26469. Epub 2020 Sep 19.

Abstract

Background: This population-based retrospective study compares the efficacy of cisplatin (cis-RT) vs cetuximab (cetux-RT) with concurrent radiation as definitive treatment in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC).

Methods: Patients with OPC treated in Alberta with cis-RT or cetux-RT between 2006 and 2016 were evaluated. Median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was completed with a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results: Among 546 patients with OPC, 431 (78.9%) received cis-RT and 115 (21.1%) cetux-RT. Patients treated with cetux-RT were more likely to develop a recurrence after treatment compared to cis-RT (25% vs 15%, P = .01). On MVA, current smoking, human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative status, higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), T-stage, and cetux-RT predicted for worse DFS and OS. Outcomes in older patients with a higher CCI still favored cis-RT.

Conclusions: Our data reaffirm results from randomized studies showing better survival outcomes with cis-RT compared to cetux-RT even among those who are >65 with CCI ≥3.

Keywords: cetuximab; cisplatin; oropharyngeal carcinoma; radiation; real-world evidence.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alberta
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma* / drug therapy
  • Cetuximab
  • Chemoradiotherapy
  • Cisplatin
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cetuximab
  • Cisplatin