The safety of paediatric surgery between COVID-19 surges: an observational study

Anaesthesia. 2020 Dec;75(12):1605-1613. doi: 10.1111/anae.15264. Epub 2020 Oct 13.

Abstract

Despite the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, elective paediatric surgery must continue safely through the first, second and subsequent waves of disease. This study presents outcome data from a children's hospital in north-west England, the region with the highest prevalence of COVID-19 in England. Children and young people undergoing elective surgery isolated within their household for 14 days, then presented for real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2 (SARS-CoV-2) within 72 h of their procedure (or rapid testing within 24 h in high-risk cases), and completed a screening questionnaire on admission. Planned surgery resumed on 26 May 2020; in the four subsequent weeks, there were 197 patients for emergency and 501 for elective procedures. A total of 488 out of 501 (97.4%) elective admissions proceeded, representing a 2.6% COVID-19-related cancellation rate. There was no difference in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among children and young people who had or had not isolated for 14 days (p > 0.99). One out of 685 (0.1%) children who had surgery re-presented to the hospital with symptoms potentially consistent with SARS-CoV-2 within 14 days of surgery. Outcomes were similar to those in the same time period in 2019 for length of stay (p = 1.0); unplanned critical care admissions (p = 0.59); and 14-day hospital re-admission (p = 0.17). However, the current cohort were younger (p = 0.037); of increased complexity (p < 0.001) and underwent more complex surgery (p < 0.001). The combined use of household self-isolation, testing and screening questionnaires has allowed the re-initiation of elective paediatric surgery at high volume while maintaining pre-COVID-19 outcomes in children and young people undergoing surgery. This may provide a model for addressing the ongoing challenges posed by COVID-19, as well as future pandemics.

Keywords: COVID-19; elective surgery; paediatrics; testing.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • COVID-19
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cohort Studies
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology*
  • Elective Surgical Procedures / statistics & numerical data
  • Emergency Medical Services / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • General Surgery
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • Patient Safety
  • Pediatrics
  • Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology*
  • Prevalence
  • Quarantine
  • Surgical Procedures, Operative / adverse effects*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology
  • Young Adult