Normal values for hip muscle strength and range of motion in elite, sub-elite and amateur male field hockey players

Phys Ther Sport. 2020 Nov:46:169-176. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.08.014. Epub 2020 Sep 4.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine normal values for hip strength and range of motion (ROM) of elite, sub-elite and amateur male field hockey players and to examine the effect of age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain on hip strength and ROM.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Physical testing took place at field hockey clubs.

Participants: Male field hockey players competing in the three highest Dutch field hockey leagues (n = 104).

Main outcome measures: Eccentric adduction, eccentric abduction, adductor squeeze strength, adduction/abduction ratio, internal rotation, external rotation and bent knee fall out (BKFO).

Results: Strength and ROM values (mean ± standard deviation) were: adduction = 2.8 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, abduction = 2.6 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, adduction/abduction ratio = 1.1 ± 0.2, squeeze test = 4.5 ± 0.8 N/kg, internal rotation = 34° ± 11°, external rotation = 47° ± 9°, BKFO = 15 ± 4 cm. Age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain had no effect on these profiles.

Conclusions: Normal values were established for hip strength and ROM of male field hockey players and showed to be independent of age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain.

Keywords: Field hockey; Flexibility; Groin; Hip; Sports; Strength.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Groin
  • Hip / physiology
  • Hip Joint / physiology*
  • Hockey / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Knee Joint / physiology
  • Leg / physiology
  • Male
  • Muscle Strength*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
  • Pain / physiopathology
  • Range of Motion, Articular*
  • Reference Values
  • Young Adult