Early references of emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) in the literature trace back to 1981, when the presence of intraosseous gas was mentioned in a paper of Ram et al.. Subsequently, 48 cases of EO were described. A significant underlying comorbidity was reported in most EO cases, especially diabetes and malignancy. This report presents a 37-year-old male with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus which was accompanied by emphysematous osteomyelitis of both femoral heads.
Keywords: Salmonella enteritidis; femoral head; hip joint; osteomyelitis.