Pathogenesis and Evaluation of the Effects of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension on the Optic Nerves

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a clinical syndrome of raised intracranial pressure of unknown aetiology. Although papilloedema and visual alterations are among the most important manifestations of the disease, their pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. We aim to review the up-to-date evidence regarding how the optic nerves are affected, the possible pathophysiology and the methods of their assessment.