Coronary Angiography in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: The authors conducted a meta-analysis to study clinical outcomes in patients who underwent early versus nonearly coronary angiography (CAG) in the setting of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) without ST-segment elevation.

Background: The benefit of performing early CAG in patients with OHCA without STE remains disputed.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines from inception until February 21, 2020. Early and nonearly CAG patients were identified on the basis of the definitions mentioned in respective published studies. The primary outcome studied was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes were neurological status and the rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following cardiac arrest.

Results: Of 4,516 references, 11 studies enrolling 3,581 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. Random-effects analysis showed no differences in 30-day mortality (risk ratio [RR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71 to 1.04; p = 0.12; I² = 74%), neurological status (RR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.24; p = 0.28; I² = 69%), and rate of PCI (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.59; p = 0.13; I² = 67%) between the 2 groups. Diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, previous PCI, and lactate level were found to be significant predictors of 30-day mortality on meta-regression (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: This analysis shows that there is no significant difference in 30-day mortality, neurological status, or rate of PCI among patients with OHCA without STE treated with early versus nonearly CAG. Thirty-day mortality is determined by presentation comorbidities rather than revascularization.