Objective: To summarize the clinical experience in transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy via sublingual and vestibular approach (TOETSLVA). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical record of patients who underwent TOETSLVA in our department from November 2011 to May 2020, including 3 males and 95 females, aged from 18 to 57 years old. Initial 81 cases were categorized in "Period A (November 2011-November 2015)" and subsequent 17 cases in "Period B (August 2019-May 2020)" . Data about demographics, operation time and complications were collected. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: In Period A, the average age of patients was (34.2±9.4) years old; the mean tumor diameter was (2.33±0.80) cm; postoperative pathology showed benign nodules in 76 cases and malignant carcinoma in 5 cases; there were 65 cases of unilateral subtotal thyroid lobectomy, 6 cases of isthmus lobectomy, and 5 cases of bilateral subtotal thyroid lobectomy, with the mean operation time of (132.70±47.22) min; in 5 cases of unilateral thyroid lobectomy with central lymph node dissection, the mean operation time was (185.4±31.40) min; postoperative neck infections occurred in 6 cases; temporary vocal cord paralysis occurred in 1 case, which it recovered within two months; and CO(2) gas embolism occurred in 2 cases. In Period B, the average age of patients was (35.1±8.5) years old; mean tumor diameter was (1.32±0.67) cm; postoperative pathology indicated malignant nodules in 15 cases and benign nodules in 2 cases; in 2 cases of unilateral thyroid lobectomy, the mean operation time was (153.5±34.64) min; in 15 cases of unilateral thyroid lobectomy with central lymph node dissection, the mean operation time was (123.73±14.26) min; and none of patients developed postoperative neck infections or CO(2) gas embolism. All patients had different degree of cutaneous numbness in the submandibular region after surgery, which recovered within 1-2 weeks. There were no complications such as postoperative secondary hemorrhage, permanent vocal cord paralysis, hypoparathyroidism in both the periods. The median follow-up time was 86 months (57-105 months) in Peroid A and 5 months (3-12 months) in Peroid B. During the follow-up periods, there were no obvious abnormalities in swallowing, chewing, oral sensory function and neck activity, and also no tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions: TOETSLVA is a safe and feasible surgery method, with a good cosmetic result. This approach will not lead to a postoperative cutaneous numbness of the submandibular region for a long time.
目的： 探讨舌下前庭入路经口腔镜甲状腺手术的临床应用。 方法： 回顾性分析2011年11月至2020年5月厦门大学附属中山医院收治的98例舌下前庭入路经口腔镜甲状腺手术患者的病例资料，其中男3例，女95例，年龄18~57岁。根据开展时间段的不同分成2个阶段，阶段A（2011年11月至2015年11月）患者81例，阶段B（2019年8月至2020年5月）患者17例。分析总结2个阶段患者的一般资料、手术时间以及并发症等。应用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学处理。 结果： 阶段A患者年龄（34.2±9.4）岁，肿瘤直径为（2.33±0.80）cm，术后病理示良性肿瘤76例，恶性肿瘤5例；良性患者的手术时间为（132.70±47.22）min，其中65例行单侧腺叶次全切除术，6例行峡部切除术，5例行双侧腺叶次全切除术；恶性患者的手术时间为（185.4±31.40）min，术式均为单侧腺叶切除术+单侧中央区淋巴清扫术；术后6例出现颈部感染，均经抗感染、引流等处理后好转；出现1例暂时性声带麻痹，术后2个月恢复；出现2例CO(2)气体栓塞，术中中转开放手术。阶段B患者年龄（35.1±8.5）岁，肿瘤直径为（1.32±0.67）cm，术后病理示良性肿瘤2例，恶性肿瘤15例；良性患者的手术时间为（153.5±34.64）min，均行单侧腺叶切除术；恶性患者的手术时间为（123.73±14.26）min，术式均为单侧腺叶切除术+单侧中央区淋巴清扫术；未出现术后颈部感染、暂时性声带麻痹、CO(2)气体栓塞。所有患者术后均有不同程度的下颌部皮肤麻木感，为5 mm操作孔相对应的位置，均于术后1~2周恢复正常。2个阶段均未出现术后二次出血、永久性声带麻痹、甲状旁腺功能减退等并发症。阶段A随访时间中位数为86（57~105）个月，阶段B随访时间中位数为5（3~12）个月；随访期间内患者吞咽、咀嚼、口腔感觉功能及颈部活动无明显异常，且无肿瘤复发、转移。 结论： 舌下前庭入路经口腔镜甲状腺手术是安全可行的，具有良好的美容效果。该术式不会引起患者术后长时间的下颌部皮肤麻木感。.
Keywords: Sublingual and vestibular approach; Surgical procedures, minimally invasive; Thyroid neoplasms; Thyroidectomy.