Objective: To investigate the distribution and intensity of noise and ultraviolet radiation of welding posts in a refrigeration equipment manufacturing enterprise, in conjunction with the health status of welding workers, providing scientific evidence for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in this type of post. Methods: In May 2019, a cross-sectional survey method was used to select 576 welding workers in the pressure vessel workshop and the unit assembly workshop of a refrigeration complete equipment manufacturer from 2016 to 2018 as the research objects. The occupational hygiene survey and occupational hazard factor measurement were carried out in the workplace, and the measurement data and occupational health examination results were statistically analyzed. Results: The over standard rate of individual Lex in pressure vessel workshop was 82.2% (37/45) . Compared with the unit assembly workshop, the individual Lex of welding workers in pressure vessel workshop was higher than that in unit assembly workshop (t=13.43, P= 0.00) ; the effective irradiance exceeding rate of welding workers in pressure vessel workshop and unit assembly workshop was 33.3% (4/12) and 25.0% (3/12) , The meacurement of ovradiation in the moskment the occupational exposure limit. The deaf rate and hearing loss rate in pressure vessel workshop were 1.5% (5/336) 20.5% (69/336) , respectively, significantly higher than that in umit assembly workshop (P<0.05) . The detection rate of hearing loss of pressure vessel workshop workers increased year by year, and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2trend)=22.42, P<0.01) ; compared with the unit assembly workshop from 2016 to 2018, the detection rates of lens opacity, corneal cloudiness and hearing loss of pressure vessel workshop workers were statistically significant (χ(2)=9.45, 14.80, 55.99, P<0.01) . Conclusion: Welding workers exposed to noise and ultraviolet radiation are easy to be ignored. The enterprise management department should attach great importance to it and take comprehensive measures to protect the health of welding workers.
目的： 调查某制冷设备生产企业工作场所电焊岗位噪声和紫外辐射的分布及强度，了解焊接作业工人的健康状况，为该类型岗位的职业病防治提供科学依据。 方法： 于2019年5月，采用横断面调查方法，选取2016至2018年某制冷成套设备生产企业的压力容器车间和机组总装车间中电焊作业人员作为研究对象，共576人。对其进行工作场所职业卫生学调查、职业危害因素测量，对测量数据和职业健康检查结果进行统计学分析。 结果： 压力容器车间个体8 h等效声级（L(EX，8h)）超标率为82.2%（37/45），与机组总装车间比较，压力容器车间焊接工人的个体L(EX，8h)更高，差异有统计学意义（t=13.43，P<0.05）；压力容器车间和机组总装车间焊接作业人员罩内眼部有效辐照度超标率分别为33.3%（4/12）、25.0%（3/12），罩内面部紫外辐射测量结果均符合职业接触限值。与机组总装车间工人比较，压力容器车间工人噪声聋检出率1.5%（5/336）和听力损失者检出率20.5%（69/336）更高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。压力容器车间工人听力损失检出率呈逐年上升趋势，差异有统计学意义（χ(2)(趋势)=22.42，P<0.01）；与机组总装车间比较，压力容器车间工人晶体浑浊、角膜云翳、听力损失异常检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ(2)=9.45、14.80、55.99，P<0.01）。 结论： 焊接岗位工人接触噪声和紫外辐射危害容易被忽视，企业管理部门应高度重视，采取综合保障措施，保护电焊人群身体健康。.
Keywords: Electric welding; Noise; Occupational disease; Occupational medical examination; Ultraviolet radiation.