Cost-effectiveness analysis of tofacitinib compared with adalimumab and etanercept in the treatment of severe active rheumatoid arthritis; Iranian experience

Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2021 Aug;21(4):775-784. doi: 10.1080/14737167.2021.1834384. Epub 2020 Nov 1.

Abstract

Background and objective: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-utility of Tofacitinib (TFC) in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had not responded well to methotrexate from the Iranian payer's perspective.

Methods: An individual microsimulation Markov model was developed to compare TFC with etanercept (ETN) and Adalimumab (ADA) over a life-time horizon. Treatment efficacy was estimated based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response improvement criteria in 6 months. Changes in the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores were mapped onto utility values to calculate outcomes in terms of QALYs. Direct medical costs were taken from national databases. Uncertainty in model parameters was evaluated by sensitivity analyses.

Results: This study demonstrated that TFC was cost-effective in both scenarios. Although TFC was associated with lower QALYs than ETN (6.664 versus 6.876), it was also associated with lower costs over a life-time horizon ($42,565.04 versus $58,696.29). Additionally, TFC was found to be the dominant strategy with a lower cost ($50,299.91 versus $51,550.29) and higher QALYs gained (6.900 versus 6.687) compared to ADA.

Conclusion: TFC was found to be cost-effective in patients with severe RA who do not respond well to methotrexate compared to ADA, ETN in Iran.

Keywords: Tofacitinib; adalimumab; cost-effectiveness; etanercept; rheumatoid arthritis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adalimumab / administration & dosage*
  • Adalimumab / economics
  • Adult
  • Antirheumatic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antirheumatic Agents / economics
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / drug therapy*
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / economics
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Etanercept / administration & dosage*
  • Etanercept / economics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Iran
  • Male
  • Markov Chains
  • Methotrexate / administration & dosage
  • Middle Aged
  • Piperidines / administration & dosage*
  • Piperidines / economics
  • Pyrimidines / administration & dosage*
  • Pyrimidines / economics
  • Quality-Adjusted Life Years
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antirheumatic Agents
  • Piperidines
  • Pyrimidines
  • tofacitinib
  • Adalimumab
  • Etanercept
  • Methotrexate