Control of Glucocorticoid Receptor Levels by PTEN Establishes a Failsafe Mechanism for Tumor Suppression

Mol Cell. 2020 Oct 15;80(2):279-295.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.09.027.

Abstract

The PTEN tumor suppressor controls cell death and survival by regulating functions of various molecular targets. While the role of PTEN lipid-phosphatase activity on PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and inhibition of PI3K pathway is well characterized, the biological relevance of PTEN protein-phosphatase activity remains undefined. Here, using knockin (KI) mice harboring cancer-associated and functionally relevant missense mutations, we show that although loss of PTEN lipid-phosphatase function cooperates with oncogenic PI3K to promote rapid mammary tumorigenesis, the additional loss of PTEN protein-phosphatase activity triggered an extensive cell death response evident in early and advanced mammary tumors. Omics and drug-targeting studies revealed that PI3Ks act to reduce glucocorticoid receptor (GR) levels, which are rescued by loss of PTEN protein-phosphatase activity to restrain cell survival. Thus, we find that the dual regulation of GR by PI3K and PTEN functions as a rheostat that can be exploited for the treatment of PTEN loss-driven cancers.

Keywords: failsafe mechanism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Cell Death
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / metabolism*
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / pathology*
  • Mice
  • Models, Biological
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Organoids / pathology
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / genetics
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism*
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / genetics
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Stability
  • Proteome / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid / metabolism*

Substances

  • Isoenzymes
  • Proteome
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid
  • Dexamethasone
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase