Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence in the Posttransplant Population: A Comparison of RETREAT and Cleveland Clinic Florida Scoring System

Transplant Proc. 2021 Jan-Feb;53(1):193-199. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.09.015. Epub 2020 Oct 14.

Abstract

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is curative in most cases; however, recurrence is observed in some patients. The Risk Estimation of Tumor Recurrence After Transplant (RETREAT) score is an externally validated scoring system for prediction of post-LT HCC recurrence. The Cleveland Clinic Florida Scoring System (CCFSS) is a potential new scoring system for prediction of HCC recurrence. Our study aimed to compare the RETREAT and CCFSS.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 52 adult patients with HCC who underwent LT at a tertiary care center. Mantel-Haenszel chi-square analyses were conducted to compare the RETREAT and CCFSS classifications for detecting HCC recurrence.

Results: A total of 52 patients underwent LT. The median follow-up period was 37 months. Four patients had post-LT HCC recurrence, with all recurrences occurring within 2 years of LT. The RETREAT score was better able to detect low, moderate, and high levels of risk (P < .001), compared to the CCFSS score (P = 0.480). Both risk scores had a sensitivity of 75%; the specificity of the RETREAT score was 95.8%, whereas the specificity of the CCFSS was 60.4%. Alpha-fetoprotein level at the time of LT was associated with HCC recurrence (P = .014).

Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate the CCFSS as a potential new scoring system to predict HCC recurrence after LT. The RETREAT score is more specific than the CCFSS. The incorporation of alpha-fetoprotein level at the time of LT improves the estimation of HCC recurrence in the post-LT period.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / surgery
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Florida
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Liver Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / epidemiology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / pathology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • alpha-Fetoproteins / analysis

Substances

  • alpha-Fetoproteins