Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenium lesion (MERS) in a patient with COVID-19

J Clin Neurosci. 2020 Sep:79:272-274. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.07.009. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Abstract

Neurological complications of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) are common, and novel manifestations are increasingly being recognized. Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenium lesion (MERS) is a syndrome that has been associated with viral infections, but not previously with COVID-19. In this report, we describe the case of a 69 year-old man who presented with fever and encephalopathy in the setting of a diffusion-restricting splenium lesion, initially mimicking an ischemic stroke. A comprehensive infectious workup revealed positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies, and a pro-inflammatory laboratory profile characteristic of COVID-19 infection. His symptoms resolved and the brain MRI findings completely normalized on repeat imaging, consistent with MERS. This case suggests that MERS may manifest as an autoimmune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and should be considered in a patient with evidence of recent COVID-19 infection and the characteristic MERS clinico-radiological syndrome.

Keywords: COVID-19; MERS; Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenium lesion; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Betacoronavirus*
  • Brain Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Brain Diseases / etiology
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus Infections / complications*
  • Fever / etiology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • Paraspinal Muscles / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / complications*
  • SARS-CoV-2