Abstract
The outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) have been improved significantly with the therapies incorporating proteasome inhibitors (PI), immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) and stem cell transplantation. However, relapsed and refractory MM (RRMM) remains a major challenge. Novel agents and regimens are under active clinical development. These include new PIs such as ixazomib, marizomib, and oprozomib; new MoAbs such as isatuximab and MOR202; novel epigenetic agent ricolinostat and novel cytokines such as siltuximab. Recently, the first XPO-1 inhibitor, selinexor, was approved for RRMM. BCMA-targeted BiTE, antibody-drug conjugates and CAR-T cells have the potential to revolutionize the therapy for RRMM. In this review, we summarized the latest clinical development of these novel agents and regimens.
Keywords:
BiTE; CAR-T; Checkpoint inhibitor; Immunotherapy; Monoclonal antibody; Multiple myeloma.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Humans
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Immunoconjugates / pharmacology
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Immunoconjugates / therapeutic use
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Immunotherapy, Adoptive / methods
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Multiple Myeloma / pathology
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Multiple Myeloma / therapy*
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Proteasome Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Proteasome Inhibitors / therapeutic use
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
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Immunoconjugates
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Proteasome Inhibitors