Defining the Comprehensive Genomic Landscapes of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Real-World Endoscopic Aspiration Samples

Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Feb 15;27(4):1082-1093. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-2667. Epub 2020 Nov 13.

Abstract

Purpose: Most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) present with surgically unresectable cancer. As a result, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is the most common biospecimen source available for diagnosis in treatment-naïve patients. Unfortunately, these limited samples are often not considered adequate for genomic analysis, precluding the opportunity for enrollment on precision medicine trials.

Experimental design: Applying an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-enrichment strategy, we show the feasibility of using real-world EUS-FNA for in-depth, molecular-barcoded, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and somatic copy-number alteration (SCNA) analysis in 23 patients with PDAC.

Results: Potentially actionable mutations were identified in >20% of patients. Further, an increased mutational burden and higher aneuploidy in WES data were associated with an adverse prognosis. To identify predictive biomarkers for first-line chemotherapy, we developed an SCNA-based complexity score that was associated with response to platinum-based regimens in this cohort.

Conclusions: Collectively, these results emphasize the feasibility of real-world cytology samples for in-depth genomic characterization of PDAC and show the prognostic potential of SCNA for PDAC diagnosis.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / therapy
  • DNA Copy Number Variations
  • DNA Mutational Analysis / methods
  • Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration
  • Exome Sequencing
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Genetic Heterogeneity
  • Genomics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation
  • Pancreas / diagnostic imaging
  • Pancreas / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prognosis
  • Progression-Free Survival