Predictive significance of selected gene mutations in relapsed and refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients treated with ibrutinib

Eur J Haematol. 2021 Mar;106(3):320-326. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13550. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

Abstract

Background: Ibrutinib, an inhibitor of the Bruton's kinase (BTK), is characterized by high efficacy in the therapy of patients with relapsed and refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (RR-CLL).

Aims: To analyze the potential significance of the mutational status of selected 30 genes on the disease outcome in 45 patients with RR-CLL using custom-made gene panel and sequencing on Illumina MiSeq FGx platform.

Results: The highest rate of mutations was observed in TP53 (n = 18; 40.0%), NOTCH1 (n = 13; 28.8%), SF3B1 (n = 11; 24.4%), ATM (n = 7; 15.6%), MED12 (n = 6, 13.3%), CHD2 (n = 5; 11.1%), XPO1 (n = 5; 11.1%), NFKBIE (n = 5; 11.1%), BIRC3 (n = 4; 8.9%), SPEN (n = 4; 8.9%), POT1 (n = 4; 8.9%), EGR2 (n = 3; 6.7%), and RPS15 (n = 3; 6.7%). With a median observation time of 45.9 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not reached. The 36-month estimated rate of PFS and OS were 64% and 68.2%, respectively. The overall response rate was noted in 23 patients (51.1%), while twenty (44.4%) patients achieved stability. Progression was noted in 2 (4.5%) cases. Analyzed molecular factors had no impact on PFS and OS.

Conclusion: Despite accumulation of several poor prognostic factors in our real-life cohort of heavily pretreated patients with CLL, ibrutinib treatment showed long-term clinical benefit.

Keywords: ATM mutations; TP53 mutations; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; ibrutinib; next-generation sequencing.

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / administration & dosage
  • Adenine / adverse effects
  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Adenine / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Genetic Testing
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics*
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / mortality
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Mutation*
  • Piperidines / administration & dosage
  • Piperidines / adverse effects
  • Piperidines / therapeutic use*
  • Prognosis
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Recurrence
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Piperidines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • ibrutinib
  • Adenine