Treatment of Lumbosacral Tuberculosis with Significant Vertebral Body Loss Using Single-Stage Posterior Surgical Management with a Structural Autograft Combined with a Titanium Mesh Cage

World Neurosurg. 2021 Apr:148:e10-e16. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.104. Epub 2020 Nov 27.

Abstract

Objective: Treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis is still controversial. In our study, we assessed the efficacy and feasibility of single-stage posterior debridement, interbody fusion using a structural autograft combined with a titanium mesh cage, and posterior instrumentation for the treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis with significant vertebral body loss.

Methods: From May 2011 to June 2018, 15 patients with lumbosacral tuberculosis with significant vertebral body loss had undergone single-stage posterior debridement, interbody fusion using a structural autograft combined with a titanium mesh cage, and posterior instrumentation. The pre- and postoperative lumbosacral angle, visual analog scale score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and neurological status were assessed.

Results: Surgery was successful for all patients, and no patient experienced tuberculosis recurrence during an average follow-up period of 27.3 months (range, 12-60 months). After surgery, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein for all patients had returned to normal within 3 months. At the final follow-up examination, the neurological status had improved in all patients who had had neurological deficits preoperatively. The mean preoperative lumbosacral angle was 12.6° (range, 6.7°-17.9°), and had increased to 27.7° (range, 24.3°-34.6°) after surgery. The average lumbosacral angle was 26.4° (range, 22.1°-32.3°), with an average loss of 1.4° (range, 0.6°-2.3°) at the final follow-up visit.

Conclusions: The combination of single-stage posterior debridement, interbody fusion using structural autografts with a titanium mesh cage, and posterior instrumentation is an effective and safe option for the treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis with significant vertebral body loss.

Keywords: Bone graft; Fusion; Lumbosacral tuberculosis; Mesh cage; Posterior approach.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Autografts / diagnostic imaging
  • Autografts / transplantation*
  • Debridement / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sacrum / diagnostic imaging
  • Sacrum / surgery*
  • Spinal Fusion / instrumentation
  • Spinal Fusion / methods
  • Surgical Mesh*
  • Titanium / administration & dosage
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tuberculosis, Spinal / diagnostic imaging
  • Tuberculosis, Spinal / surgery*
  • Vertebral Body / diagnostic imaging
  • Vertebral Body / surgery*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Titanium