Hypersensitivity pneumonitis related to imatinib mesylate therapy in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia

J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2021 Oct;27(7):1762-1765. doi: 10.1177/1078155220984239. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary toxicity causally related to Imatinib (IM) therapy is uncommon in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Case report: A 61-year-old patient with chronic myeloid leukemia was treated with IM at 400 mg daily dose. One month within IM, he developed skin lesions and then acute dyspnea and non-productive cough. Chest radiograph and high-resolution lung computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral reticulonodular infiltration in both lungs. According to Naranjo's algorithm, the causality relationship with the drug is probable with a score of 7. The pharmacovigilance investigation was carried out and implicated IMManagement & outcome: IM was discontinued and started steroid therapy (Prednisolone®) at 1 mg/kg daily. Two weeks after, the dyspnea, and abnormal X-ray and CT findings are improved.

Discussion: The early diagnosis of pulmonary toxicity related to IM therapy is needed to avoid further determinal effects of the drug.

Keywords: Imatinib; chronic myeloid leukemia; pneumonitis; pulmonary toxicity.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic*
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Imatinib Mesylate / adverse effects
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* / drug therapy
  • Lung
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prednisolone

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • Prednisolone