Routine testing of close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases - National COVID-19 Contact Management Programme, Ireland, May to August 2020

Public Health. 2021 Jan:190:147-151. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.10.008. Epub 2020 Oct 21.

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to inform public health practitioners who are designing, adapting and implementing testing and tracing strategies for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) control.

Study design: The study design is monitoring and evaluation of a national public health protection programme.

Methods: All close contacts of laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 identified between the 19th May and 2nd August were included; secondary attack rates and numbers needed to test were estimated.

Results: Four thousand five hundred eighty six of 7272 (63%) close contacts of cases were tested with at least one test. The secondary attack rate in close contacts who were tested was 7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 6.3 - 7.8%). At the 'day 0' test, 14.6% (95% CI: 11.6-17.6%) of symptomatic close contacts tested positive compared with 5.2% (95% CI: 4.4-5.9%) of asymptomatic close contacts.

Conclusions: The application of additional symptom-based criteria for testing in this high-incidence population (close contacts) is of limited utility because of the low negative predictive value of absence of symptoms.

Keywords: Asymptomatic COVID-19; Asymptomatic close contacts; COVID-19; Contact management programme; Coronavirus; Testing strategy.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Asymptomatic Infections
  • COVID-19 / prevention & control*
  • COVID-19 Testing / statistics & numerical data*
  • Carrier State
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Contact Tracing / methods
  • Contact Tracing / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Ireland / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • SARS-CoV-2*