Immediate Postoperative Insulin Requirements May Predict Metabolic Outcome after Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Autotransplantation

J Diabetes Res. 2020 Dec 21:2020:9282310. doi: 10.1155/2020/9282310. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive disease that leads to eventual loss of endocrine and exocrine function. Total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is a treatment option for patients with CP; however, predicting postoperative metabolic outcomes remains elusive. In this single-center retrospective study, we report pre-TPIAT characteristics, beta cell function indices, islet yield, and post-TPIAT glucose management data to further understand their relationship. Islet yield, glucose level, and insulin requirement for 72 hours postoperatively were collected for a total of 13 TPIAT recipients between 9-2013 and 9-2018. In addition, their glucose control and basal insulin requirements at 3, 6, and 12 months post-TPIAT were analyzed. All 13 subjects had normal baseline fasting glucose levels. Median islet yield was 4882 IEq/kg (interquartile range 3412 to 8987). Median postoperative total insulin requirement on day 3 was 0.43 units/kg. Pre-TPIAT baseline glucose, insulin, or c-peptide level did not have a significant correlation with the islet yield. Similarly, there was no correlation between islet yield and insulin requirement at 72-hour postoperatively. However, there was an inverse correlation between the absolute islet yield (IEq) and insulin requirement at 6 months and 12 months following post-TPIAT. Further analysis of the relationship between 72-hour post-op insulin requirement and insulin requirement at discharge, 3, 6, and 12 months showed a positive correlation. Despite the finding of inverse correlation of islet yield with long-term basal insulin requirement, this study was not able to detect a correlation between the preoperative parameters to postoperative short-term or long-term outcome as noted in other studies. The 72-hour postoperative insulin requirement is a helpful postoperative predictor of patients needing long-term insulin management following TPIAT. This observation may identify a high-risk group of patients in need of more intensive diabetes education and insulin treatment prior to hospital discharge.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects*
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / drug effects*
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / metabolism
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / transplantation*
  • Islets of Langerhans Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Ohio
  • Pancreatectomy* / adverse effects
  • Pancreatitis, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Pancreatitis, Chronic / surgery*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Transplantation, Autologous
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin