Impact of clinical factors and surgical outcome on long-term survival in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a multicenter analysis

Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2021 May;31(5):713-720. doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-002023. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

Abstract

Introduction: Long-term survivors of ovarian cancer are a unique group of patients in whom prognostic factors for long-term survival have been poorly described. Such factors may provide information for a more personalized therapeutic approach. The objective of this study is to determine further characteristics of long-term survivors with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Methods: Long-term survivors were defined as patients living longer than 8 years after first diagnosis and were recruited within seven high volume centers across Europe from November 1988 to November 2008. The control group included patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer with less than 5 years' survival identified from the systematic 'Tumorbank ovarian cancer' database. A subanalysis of Charité patients only was performed separately for in-depth analysis of tumor dissemination. Propensity score matching with nearest-neighbor caliper width was used to match long-term survivors and the control group regarding age, FIGO stage, and residual tumor.

Results: A total of 276 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer were included, divided into 131 long-term survivors and 145 control group patients. After propensity score matching and multivariable adjustment, platinum sensitivity (p=0.002) was an independent favorable prognostic factor whereas recurrence (p<0.001) and ascites (p=0.021) were independent detrimental predictors for long-term survival. Significantly more long-term survivors tested positive for mutation in the BRCA1 gene than the BRCA2 gene (p=0.016). Intraoperatively, these patients had less tumor involvement of the upper abdomen at initial surgery (p=0.024). Complexity of surgery and surgical techniques were similar in both cohorts.

Conclusion: Platinum sensitivity constitutes a favorable factor for long-term survival whereas tumor involvement of the upper abdomen, ascites, and recurrence have a negative impact. Based on clinical estimation, long-term survival is associated with combinations of clinical, surgical, and molecular factors.

Keywords: BRCA1 protein; gynecologic surgical procedures; intestines; operative; ovary; surgical procedures.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cancer Survivors / statistics & numerical data*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / mortality*
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / pathology
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / surgery
  • Europe
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / surgery
  • Propensity Score