Carbon-based nanomaterials for targeted cancer nanotherapy: recent trends and future prospects

J Drug Target. 2021 Aug;29(7):716-741. doi: 10.1080/1061186X.2021.1886301. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Abstract

Carbon-based nanomaterials are becoming attractive materials due to their unique structural dimensions and promising mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical and chemical characteristics. Carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon and graphene quantum dots have numerous applications in diverse areas, including biosensing, drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, imaging, regenerative medicine, diagnosis, and cancer therapy. Cancer remains one of the major health problems all over the world, and several therapeutic approaches are focussed on designing targeted anticancer drug delivery nanosystems by applying benign and less hazardous resources with high biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, remarkable targeted therapy issues, and low adverse effects. This review highlights the recent development on these carbon based-nanomaterials in the field of targeted cancer therapy and discusses their possible and promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications for the treatment of cancers.

Keywords: Targeted drug delivery; cancer nanotherapy; carbon nanotubes; carbon quantum dots; graphene; graphene oxide; graphene quantum dots; nanocarriers.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Carbon / chemistry*
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Gene Transfer Techniques
  • Genetic Therapy / methods
  • Graphite / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Nanostructures / chemistry*
  • Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Quantum Dots / chemistry

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • graphene oxide
  • Carbon
  • Graphite