Prenatal PM2.5 exposure and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age in a birth cohort from Mexico city

Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2021 Apr:233:113695. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113695. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have reported that air pollution exposure may have neurotoxic properties.

Objective: To examine longitudinal associations between prenatal particles less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) exposure and neurodevelopment during the first two years of children's life.

Methods: Analysis was conducted in PROGRESS, a longitudinal birth cohort between 2007 and 2013 in Mexico City. We used satellite data to predict daily PM2.5 concentrations at high spatial resolution. Multivariate mixed-effect regression models were adjusted to examine cognitive, language and motor scores in children up to 24 months of age (n = 740) and each trimester-specific and whole pregnancy exposure to PM2.5.

Results: Models adjusted by child sex, gestational age, birth weight, smoking and mother's IQ, showed that each increase of 1 μg/m3 of PM2.5 was associated with a decreased language function of -0.38 points (95% CI: -0.77, -0.01). PM2.5 exposure at third trimester of pregnancy contributed most to the observed association.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that language development up to 24 months of age may be particularly sensitive to PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy.

Keywords: Neurodevelopment; PM(2.5); Particulate matter; Prenatal exposure.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants* / adverse effects
  • Air Pollutants* / analysis
  • Air Pollution* / adverse effects
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Maternal Exposure / adverse effects
  • Mexico / epidemiology
  • Particulate Matter / adverse effects
  • Particulate Matter / analysis
  • Pregnancy
  • Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects* / epidemiology

Substances

  • Air Pollutants
  • Particulate Matter