Propranolol Reduces the Development of Lesions and Rescues Barrier Function in Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: A Preclinical Study

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (J.O., M.A.G., L.L.C., C.R., V.S., M.A., R.O.S., A.C.Y.Y., E.D., P.U.M.), Uppsala University, Sweden.
• ² Vascular Biology Unit (M.M., C.M., M.C., F.O., G.V.B., M.G.L., E.D.), The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy.
• ³ Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics (G.H.B.), Uppsala University, Sweden.
• ⁴ Department of Materials and Science and Engineering, Applied Materials Science (C.O.M.), Uppsala University, Sweden.
• ⁵ Electron Microscopic Laboratory (G.V.B., A.A.M.), The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy.
• ⁶ Department of Biomaterials and Technology/Wood Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (D.F., G.D.).
• ⁷ Cardiopulmonary Physiopathology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.O., F.F.).
• ⁸ Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy (M.G.L.).
• ⁹ Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Italy (E.D.).