Understanding the effects of CMV on γδ T-cell populations in HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy

Clin Immunol. 2021 May:226:108696. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108696. Epub 2021 Feb 20.

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) affects γδ T-cell profiles in healthy individuals and transplant recipients, but the effects of HIV and CMV have not been distinguished in HIV patients. CMV-seropositive Indonesian HIV patients (n = 40) were studied before ART and after six months, alongside healthy controls (n = 20). 50% of patients started ART with detectable CMV DNA. Proportions of Vδ2- γδ T-cells were high in patients and declined on ART, whilst proportions of Vδ2+ γδ T-cells were uniformly low, and correlated inversely with levels of CMV DNA and CMV-reactive antibody. Residual Vδ2+ cells were enriched for markers of terminal differentiation, but this did not associate with CMV metrics. Patients with CMV DNA at baseline showed a direct correlation between CMV reactive-antibody and CD8+ γδ T-cells. Our data are consistent with a role for CMV in the depletion of Vδ2+ γδ T-cells in HIV patients beginning ART, with no consistent evidence of a role for CMV in γδ T-cell activation or differentiation.

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; CMV; HIV; γδ T-cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • Cytomegalovirus / immunology*
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / immunology*
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Intraepithelial Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / immunology*
  • Transplant Recipients
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta