Ruxolitinib attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) development as animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS)

Life Sci. 2021 Jul 1:276:119395. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119395. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Abstract

Aims: STAT3 signaling is critical for Th17 development that plays an important role in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and regulatory T cells effects of JAK1/2 and STAT3 inhibition, we assessed the JAK 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib effects on Th17 cell/Tregs balance.

Main methods: Ruxolitinib was administered to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice via oral gavage, and its effects were assessed. The expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17A and IL-10, were analyzed by real-time PCR. The frequency of Th17 cells and Tregs were evaluated by flow cytometry.

Key finding: Ruxolitinib ameliorated the EAE severity and decreased the proportion of Th17 cells and inflammatory markers levels. In contrast, the balance of Tregs and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine were increased in ruxolitinib-treated mice. Furthermore, ruxolitinib markedly decreased the expression of Th17 related transcription factor, RORɣt, whereas FOXP3 expression associated with Treg differentiation was increased.

Significance: Our results show that ruxolitinib may be a promising therapeutic strategy for multiple sclerosis.

Keywords: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Multiple sclerosis; Ruxolitinib; Th17; Treg.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal*
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / drug therapy*
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / immunology
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / metabolism
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / pathology
  • Female
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Multiple Sclerosis / drug therapy*
  • Multiple Sclerosis / immunology
  • Multiple Sclerosis / metabolism
  • Multiple Sclerosis / pathology
  • Nitriles
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology*
  • Pyrimidines
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / drug effects*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology
  • Th17 Cells / drug effects*
  • Th17 Cells / immunology

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Nitriles
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyrimidines
  • ruxolitinib