Protective mechanism of Astragalus Polysaccharides against Cantharidin-induced liver injury determined in vivo by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics

Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2021 Jul;129(1):61-71. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.13585. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Abstract

Cantharidin (CTD) is a promising anticancer drug; however, its dosage is limited by hepatotoxicity. We previously showed that Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) effectively improved chemical liver injury. In this study, we established a CTD-induced subacute liver injury mouse model and examined the effects of APS on weight, liver indexes, histopathology, serum biochemical indexes and liver metabolism. Compared with the control group, mice in the CTD model group had obvious liver damage, which was partially prevented by APS. Metabolomics demonstrated that CTD caused liver damage mainly by regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism, ABC transporter pathways and choline metabolism in cancer in vivo. APS regulated primary bile acid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism, thus decreasing the liver damage caused by CTD. This study revealed the protective mechanism of APS against CTD-induced liver injury from the perspective of metabolomics. The results provide an important basis for analysing the mechanism of CTD-induced liver toxicity and for assessing clinical treatment options to reduce CTD liver toxicity.

Keywords: Astragalus polysaccharides; cantharidin; liver injury; metabolomics; oxidative stress; protective effect.

MeSH terms

  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / analysis
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Astragalus Plant / chemistry*
  • Cantharidin / administration & dosage
  • Cantharidin / adverse effects*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / diagnosis
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / pathology
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / prevention & control*
  • Choline / analysis
  • Choline / metabolism
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Glycerophospholipids / analysis
  • Glycerophospholipids / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lipid Metabolism / drug effects
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Metabolomics / methods
  • Mice
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Polysaccharides / administration & dosage*
  • Polysaccharides / isolation & purification
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods

Substances

  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Glycerophospholipids
  • Polysaccharides
  • Cantharidin
  • Choline