Targeting the ILK/YAP axis by LFG-500 blocks epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis

Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Nov;42(11):1847-1859. doi: 10.1038/s41401-021-00655-y. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Abstract

Metastasis is the main cause of mortality in patients with cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a crucial process in cancer metastasis, is an established target for antimetastatic drug development. LFG-500, a novel synthetic flavonoid, has been revealed as a potential antitumor agent owing to its various activities, including modulation of EMT in the inflammatory microenvironment. Here, using a transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-induced EMT models, we found that LFG-500 inhibited EMT-associated migration and invasion in human breast cancer, MCF-7, and lung adenocarcinoma, A549, cell lines, consistent with the observed downregulation of YAP activity. Further studies demonstrated that LGF-500-induced suppression of YAP activation was mediated by integrin-linked kinase (ILK), suggesting that the ILK/YAP axis might be feasible target for anti-EMT and antimetastatic treatments, which was verified by a correlation analysis with clinical data and tumor specimens. Hence, our data support the use of LGF-500 as an antimetastatic drug in cancer therapy and provide evidence that the ILK/YAP axis is a feasible biomarker of cancer progression and a promising target for repression of EMT and metastasis in cancer therapy.

Keywords: ILK; LFG-500; YAP; epithelial–mesenchymal transition; metastasis.

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Movement / physiology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / drug effects*
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / physiology
  • Female
  • Flavonoids / administration & dosage*
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Tumor Microenvironment / drug effects
  • Tumor Microenvironment / physiology
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Flavonoids
  • LFG-500
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins
  • YAP1 protein, human
  • integrin-linked kinase
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases