ABO Blood Incompatibility Positively Affects Early Graft Function: Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Transplant Proc. 2021 Jun;53(5):1494-1500. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.03.043. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Abstract

Background: We investigated the association between ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) kidney transplantation and early graft function.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 95 patients who underwent living donor kidney transplantation between May 2009 and July 2019. It included 61 ABO-compatible (ABO-C) and 34 ABO-I transplantations. We extracted data on immunologic profile, sex, age, cold ischemic time, type of immunosuppression, and graft function. Two definitions were used for slow graft function (SGF) as follows: postoperative day (POD) 3 serum creatinine level >3 mg/dL and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <20 mL/min/1.73 m2. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the effect of ABO-I on the incidence of SGF.

Results: The characteristics between the ABO-C and ABO-I were not different. ABO-I received rituximab and plasma exchange. Patients also received tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil for 2 weeks and prednisolone for 1 week before transplantation as preconditioning. Of the 95 study patients, 19 (20%) and 21 (22%) were identified with SGF according to POD 3 serum creatinine level or eGFR, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that ABO-I significantly reduced the incidence of SGF (odds ratio, 0.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.7; P = .02), and cold ischemic time >150 min increased the incidence of SGF (odds ratio, 6.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-25; P = .006). Similar results were identified in POD 3 eGFR. Inferior graft function in patients with SGF was identified up to 6 months after transplantation.

Conclusion: ABO-I reduces the incidence of SGF, which is associated with an inferior graft function up to 6 months.

MeSH terms

  • ABO Blood-Group System / immunology
  • Adult
  • Blood Group Incompatibility / immunology*
  • Delayed Graft Function / epidemiology*
  • Delayed Graft Function / immunology*
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Graft Survival / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy / methods
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Incidence
  • Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Kidney Transplantation / methods
  • Living Donors
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Odds Ratio
  • Plasma Exchange
  • Plasmapheresis
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • ABO Blood-Group System
  • Immunosuppressive Agents