A near miss: subclinical saddle pulmonary embolism diagnosed by handheld ultrasound

Introduction: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition characterized by occlusive disease of the pulmonary vasculature. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) of right ventricular strain patterns have high specificity and low sensitivity for diagnosis. Here, we describe a patient with a saddle PE and low pre-test probability who was diagnosed primarily by handheld POCUS.

Case report: An 80-year old female was admitted to the intensive care unit with hypotension and lactic acidosis. She also had mild leukocytosis and troponinemia. No other clinical or metabolic abnormalities were present. After transfer to the floor, handheld POCUS demonstrated D-sign and McConnell's sign. Computed tomography angiography showed a saddle PE involving both main pulmonary arteries. The patient was immediately initiated on anticoagulation without further complications.

Conclusion: Handheld POCUS is inexpensive, carries a low risk of harm and is an invaluable extension of the physical exam when interpreted in the appropriate context.