Desmoglein-4 Deficiency Exacerbates Psoriasiform Dermatitis in Rats While Psoriasis Patients Displayed a Decreased Gene Expression of DSG4

Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 29:12:625617. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625617. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Desmogleins are involved in cell adhesion conferring structural skin integrity. However, their role in inflammation has been barely studied, and whether desmoglein-4 modulates psoriasis lesions is completely unknown. In this study, we assessed the impact of desmoglein-4 deficiency on the severity of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced skin inflammation and psoriasiform lesions. To this end, desmoglein-4-/- Oncins France Colony A (OFA) with Sprague-Dawley (SD) genetic background were used. Additionally, human RNA-Seq datasets from psoriasis (PSO), atopic dermatitis (AD), and a healthy cohort were analyzed to obtain a desmosome gene expression overview. OFA rats displayed an intense skin inflammation while SD showed only mild inflammatory changes after IMQ treatment. We found that IMQ treatment increased CD3+ T cells in skin from both OFA and SD, being higher in desmoglein-4-deficient rats. In-depth transcriptomic analysis determined that PSO displayed twofold less DSG4 expression than healthy samples while both, PSO and AD showed more than three-fold change expression of DSG3 and DSC2 genes. Although underlying mechanisms are still unknown, these results suggest that the lack of desmoglein-4 may contribute to immune-mediated skin disease progression, promoting leukocyte recruitment to skin. Although further research is needed, targeting desmoglein-4 could have a potential impact on designing new biomarkers for skin diseases.

Keywords: RNAseq analysis; T cell; desmoglein; inflammation; psoriasis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD3 Complex / metabolism
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
  • Desmogleins / deficiency*
  • Desmogleins / genetics
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Down-Regulation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Imiquimod
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Psoriasis / chemically induced
  • Psoriasis / immunology
  • Psoriasis / metabolism*
  • Psoriasis / pathology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats, Transgenic
  • Skin / immunology
  • Skin / metabolism*
  • Skin / pathology
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism

Substances

  • CD3 Complex
  • DSG4 protein, human
  • Desmogleins
  • Dsg4 protein, rat
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Imiquimod