AFAP1-AS1: a rising star among oncogenic long non-coding RNAs

Sci China Life Sci. 2021 Oct;64(10):1602-1611. doi: 10.1007/s11427-020-1874-6. Epub 2021 May 13.

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become a hotspot in biomedical research. This interest reflects their extensive involvement in the regulation of the expression of other genes, and their influence on the occurrence and development of a variety of human diseases. Actin filament associated protein 1-Antisense RNA 1(AFAP1-AS1) is a recently discovered oncogenic lncRNA. It is highly expressed in a variety of solid tumors, and regulates the expression of downstream genes and signaling pathways through adsorption and competing microRNAs, or by the direct binding to other proteins. Ultimately, AFAP1-AS1 promotes proliferation, chemotherapy resistance, and resistance to apoptosis, maintains stemness, and enhances invasion and migration of tumor cells. This paper summarizes the research concerning AFAP1-AS1 in malignant tumors, including the clinical application prospects of AFAP1-AS1 as a potential molecular marker and therapeutic target of malignant tumors. We also discuss the limitations in the knowledge of AFAP1-AS1 and directions of further research. AFAP1-AS1 is expected to provide an example for studies of other lncRNA molecules.

Keywords: AFAP1-AS1; PD-1; anti-cancer drug; immunotherapy; metastasis; proliferation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Carcinogenesis / genetics*
  • Carcinogenesis / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • Microfilament Proteins / genetics*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • RNA, Antisense / genetics*
  • RNA, Antisense / metabolism
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics*
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / metabolism
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • AFAP1 protein, human
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • MicroRNAs
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • RNA, Antisense
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • RNA-Binding Proteins