Manometrically jackhammer esophagus with fluoroscopically/endoscopically distal esophageal spasm: a case report

BMC Gastroenterol. 2021 May 17;21(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12876-021-01808-3.

Abstract

Background: Jackhammer esophagus is a rare esophageal motility disorder that can result in dysphagia, chest pain, and gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms. High-resolution manometry is the gold standard for diagnosis, while corkscrew esophagus on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is an uncommon manifestation.

Case presentation: 72-year-old man who presented with progressive dysphagia for three months without symptoms of chest pain or heartburn. Initial workup showed a corkscrew esophagus on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; subsequently, high-resolution manometry revealed an esophago-gastric junction outflow obstruction with hypercontractile (jackhammer) esophagus. Treatment with calcium channel blockers and proton pump inhibitors was successful and relieved his symptoms near completion.

Conclusions: Even though the corkscrew esophagus is typically for distal esophageal spasm, the hypercontractile (jackhammer) esophagus can appear. The high-resolution manometry can help to distinguish each specific motility disorder.

Keywords: Case report; Corkscrew esophagus; Dysphagia; High-resolution manometry; Jackhammer esophagus.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Deglutition Disorders* / etiology
  • Esophageal Motility Disorders*
  • Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Manometry