The Chemistry of the Ketogenic Diet: Updates and Opportunities in Organic Synthesis

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 15;22(10):5230. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105230.

Abstract

The high-fat, low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet has grown in popularity in the last decade as a weight loss tool. Research into the diet's effects on the body have revealed a variety of other health benefits. The use of exogenous ketone supplements to confer the benefits of the diet without strict adherence to it represents an exciting new area of focus. Synthetic ketogenic compounds are of particular interest that has received very little emphasis and is an untapped area of focus for chemical synthesis. In this review, we summarize the chemical basis for ketogenicity and opportunities for further advancement of the field.

Keywords: acetoacetate; epilepsy; exogenous ketone supplements; keto; ketogenic diet; ketosis; β-hydroxybutyrate.

Publication types

  • Historical Article
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diet, Ketogenic* / history
  • Dietary Fats / pharmacology
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Epilepsy / diet therapy
  • Glycolysis
  • History, Ancient
  • Humans
  • Ketone Bodies* / metabolism
  • Ketosis / chemically induced

Substances

  • Dietary Fats
  • Ketone Bodies