Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation（allo-HSCT） on the treatment of adult acute leukemia patients, moreover, to establish and evaluate a Logistic model to predict the risk of relapse in adult acute leukemia patients after allo-HSCT.
Methods: The clinical data of 145 adult acute leukemia patients treated by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2010 to December 2019 was enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. Complications and survival of patients were observed. The relationship between patients' age, diagnosis, leukocyte count at onset, risk stratification, time of diagnosis to transplantation, HCT-CI, minimal residual disease pre-transplantation, donor-recipient sex relationship, HLA match degree, prophylaxis of graft versus host disease(GVHD), donor age, number of transfused mononuclear cells, CD34 positive cells, engraftment time, acute and chronic GVHD, CMV, EBV infection, and hemorrhagic cystitis and recurrence after transplantation were analyzed by logistic regression. Relapse prediction model was established and evaluated according to the results.
Results: Among 145 acute leukemia patients, 81 with acute myeloid leukemia, 64 with acute lymphocytic leukemia, 18 with EBV infection, 2 with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder(PTLD), 85 with CMV, 26 with hemorrhagic cystitis, 65 patients developed acute GVHD, 51 patients developed chronic GVHD and 45 patients relapsed. The overall survival （OS） rates in one and three years were 86.4% and 61.8%, and the progress-free survival （PFS） rates in one and three years were 67.5% and 62.4%, respectively. There were significant differences in OS and PFS between relapsed and non-relapsed patients, as well as AML and ALL patients. Univariate analysis revealed that patient's age, risk stratification, time to transplantation, HCT-CI index, ATG based GVHD prophylaxis, minimal residual disease pre-transplantation, GVHD prophylaxis, and acute and chronic GVHD were associated with the relapse of disease, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pre-transplantation minimal residual disease showed positively correlation with relapse of the disease, while chronic GVHD showed negatively correlation.
Conclusion: The relapse rate of adult acute leukemia patients treated with allo-HSCT in our hospital is 31.0%, and OS of AML patients is better than ALL patients'. OS of relapsed patients is significantly lower than non-relapsed patients'. Pre-transplantation minimal residual disease is a risk factor of relapse. The risk of relapse is reduced in patients with chronic GVHD.
题目: 异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗成人急性白血病疗效及移植后复发风险预测模型的建立.
目的: 观察成人急性白血病异基因外周血造血干细胞移植的临床疗效，并建立预测急性白血病移植后复发风险的Logistics模型.
方法: 选取西安交通大学第一附属医院2010年1月至2019年12月收治的行异基因外周血造血干细胞移植的成人急性白血病患者145例及其供者的临床资料，观察移植后并发症及生存情况；通过多因素Logistics回归分析患者年龄、诊断、起病时白细胞数、危险度分层、移植前微小残留病灶、诊断到移植的时间、HCT-CI、供受者性别关系、HLA配型相合程度、移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）预防方案、供者年龄、输注单个核细胞及CD34+细胞数、造血重建时间、有无急慢性GVHD、CMV及EBV感染、出血性膀胱炎与移植后复发的关系；依据多因素分析的结果建立预测成人急性白血病移植后复发风险的模型，并进行评价.
结果: 145例急性白血病患者中，急性髓系白血病（AML）81例,急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）64例，18例合并有EBV感染，其中2例合并移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病，85例合并CMV血症，26例合并出血性膀胱炎症，65例并发急性GVHD，51例并发慢性GVHD，共计45例复发。移植后1、3年OS率分别为86.4%和61.8%，移植后1、3年PFS率分别为67.5%和62.4%。急性髓系白血病与急性淋巴细胞白血病患者移植后OS及PFS存在统计学差异。未复发患者与复发患者OS及PFS存在统计学差异。单因素分析结果显示，患者年龄、危险度分层、诊断到移植的时间、HCT-CI指数、移植前微小残留病灶、GVHD预防方案中是否含有抗人胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白、移植后急慢性GVHD与移植后复发相关，纳入多因素Logistics回归分析，结果显示，移植前残留病灶与复发呈正相关，移植后慢性GVHD与复发呈负相关.
结论: 成人急性白血病异基因外周血造血干细胞移植后复发率为31.0%，AML患者移植后长期生存率优于ALL患者,移植后复发患者长期生存率显著低于未复发患者。移植前微小残留病灶阳性是移植后复发的高危因素，移植后合并慢性GVHD的患者复发风险降低.