Objective: To make a retrospective analysis of the situation and process of treating skiers' injuries in the medical station of the Wanlong ski resort in Chongli and the nearest treatment hospital, and to provide a basis for the establishment and optimization of the treatment process between the medical station of the Winter Olympics ski resort and the nearest treatment hospital, and to gain experience for medical security of mass skiing.
Methods: The data of all ski injuries in Chongli District were collected from the medical station of the Wanlong ski resort during the 2018-2019 snow season (November 2018 to April 2019) and the nearest treatment hospital during two periods (March 2019, and November 2019 to January 2020). The differences of injury causes, injury types, injury sites, and treatment effects of the injured skiers were analyzed.
Results: A total of 755 cases of ski injuries were recorded in the medical station of Wanlong ski resort, the estimated incidence of injury was 2.02‰ per day. The nearest treatment hospital treated a total of 838 injured skiers from different ski resorts in Chongli District in the two periods. In the records of the ski resort medical station, the main causes of injury were technical defects and turnovers (53.6%). Knee joint injury rate was the highest (18.7%), followed by head and neck (12.9%) and lower limb (11.9%). The number of injuries on intermediate roads was the highest (40.0%), the greatest number of injuries (81.2%) occurred when the age of skiing was less than 5 years. In the records of the nearest treatment hospital, the injury types were fracture or fissure fracture, contusion and trauma, and muscle and soft tissue injury, accounting for 30.5%, 27.4%, and 21.2% respectively. 9.6% of the injured took the snow field ambulance to the hospital, and 50% of them suffered from fractures or fissure fractures.
Conclusion: The injury rate of skiing in the 2018-2019 snow season of the Wanlong ski resort in Chongli was higher than that reported by foreign literature. Severe trauma (including severe fractures and concussions) could occur and patients needed to be transferred to the nearest hospital for treatment. The ski resort medical station and the nearest treatment hospital should be strengthened with adequate medical staff and equipment, and promote cooperation in the timely referral of seriously injured patients, the organization and construction of ski patrols and the medical security of large-scale competitions, thus playing an important role in forming a grassroots network of medical security and treatment system for skiing.
目的: 对中国崇礼万龙滑雪场的医疗站和最近救治医院救治滑雪受伤者的情况和流程进行回顾性分析，为建立和优化冬奥会雪场医疗站和最近救治医院之间的救治流程提供依据，为群众滑雪运动的医疗保障提供经验。
方法: 收集崇礼万龙雪场医疗站2018-2019雪季(2018年11月—2019年4月)和最近救治医院的两个时间段(2019年3月和2019年11月—2020年1月)收治的所有崇礼区滑雪受伤者的资料，分析受伤者不同的受伤原因、损伤类型和受伤部位等情况及治疗效果。
结果: 万龙雪场医疗站共记录滑雪损伤者755例，日损伤发生率为2.02‰，最近救治医院共救治838例来自崇礼不同雪场的滑雪受伤者。雪场医疗站的记录中，受伤原因以技术缺陷与失误(53.6%)为主，膝关节受伤比例最高(18.7%)，其次为头颈部(12.9%)和下肢(11.9%)，中级道上受伤人数最多(40.0%)，参加滑雪运动的年限小于5年者最多(81.2%)。救治医院的记录中，损伤类型以骨折或裂隙性骨折、挫伤+外伤、肌肉软组织损伤占据前三位，分别占30.5%、27.4%和21.2%。9.6%的受伤者由雪场救护车转运至医院，其中50%的受伤者为骨折或裂隙性骨折。
结论: 2018-2019雪季崇礼万龙雪场的滑雪受伤率高于国外文献报道，严重创伤也时有发生(包括严重骨折和脑震荡等)，需要转运到最近的救治医院治疗。雪场医疗站和最近救治医院都应加强建设，配备足够的医疗人员和设备，并且在重伤患者的及时转诊、滑雪巡逻队的组织建设和大型赛事的医疗保障等方面加强协同工作，以便在形成我国滑雪运动医疗保障与救治体系基层网络方面发挥重要作用。
Keywords: Athletic injuries; Emergency medical services; Hospital rapid response team; Skiing.