We report 5 cases of vascular Q fever complicated by polymicrobial superinfection in patients who had no risk factors for acute Q fever. Q fever was diagnosed by serologic and molecular assays for Coxiella burnetii. We confirmed additional infections using conventional graft cultures.
Keywords: Coxiella burnetii; France; Q fever; aortitis; aortoenteric fistula; bacteria; bacterial zoonoses; chronic Q fever; polymicrobial infections; vascular Q fever; vascular graft and endograft infections; vector-borne infections; zoonoses.