Proton Beam Therapy for Local Recurrence of Rectal Cancer

Anticancer Res. 2021 Jul;41(7):3589-3595. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.15147.

Abstract

Background/aim: Curing local recurrence of rectal cancer (LRRC) is difficult with conventional photon radiotherapy. Proton beam therapy (PBT) on the other hand, has unique physical characteristics that permit higher doses to LRRC while minimizing side effects on surrounding organs. However, the efficacy of PBT on controlling rectal cancer recurrence has not yet been reported. This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes and toxicities of PBT for LRRC.

Patients and methods: Clinical outcomes were retrospectively evaluated for 12 patients with 13 total lesions that had received PBT for LRRC at our institute.

Results: The median follow-up period from the initiation of PBT was 35.6 months. The 3-year local control, progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 80.2%, 10.4% and 73.8%, respectively. Median survival time was 67.1 months. There were no severe acute or late adverse events.

Conclusion: PBT could be a safe and effective treatment method for LRRC.

Keywords: Rectal cancer; chemoradiotherapy; dose escalation; local recurrence; particle beam therapy; proton beam therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Chemoradiotherapy / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / radiotherapy*
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Proton Therapy / methods
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Rectal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Rectal Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate