A rare association between group A Streptococcus purpura fulminans and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a young girl: A case report

E Cousin; T Gaillot; B Ozanne; A Ryckewaert; S Dessard; O Tirel; J-L Fausser

doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2021.04.012

A rare association between group A Streptococcus purpura fulminans and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a young girl: A case report

Arch Pediatr. 2021 Aug;28(6):488-490. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.04.012. Epub 2021 Jul 8.

Authors

E Cousin¹, T Gaillot², B Ozanne², A Ryckewaert³, S Dessard², O Tirel², J-L Fausser²

Affiliations

¹ Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Rennes University Hospital, 35200 Rennes, France. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Rennes University Hospital, 35200 Rennes, France.
³ Pediatric Department, Rennes University Hospital, 35200 Rennes, France.

PMID: 34246502
DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.04.012

Abstract

We report the case of a 7-year-old girl with septic shock and coagulopathy associated with purpura fulminans (PF) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) due to group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection identified with 16S ribosomal RNA analysis performed on the skin biopsy. GAS infection with PF associated with DAH is rare in healthy young children but pediatricians should be aware of this condition because of the poor prognosis. The initial treatment for circulatory failure and severe disseminated intravascular coagulation as well as the prompt initiation of antibiotic treatment may be crucial for the outcomes of S. pyogenes PF.

Keywords: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; Group A Streptococcus; Purpura fulminans.

Publication types

Case Reports

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
Child
Female
Hemorrhage / etiology*
Hemorrhage / physiopathology
Humans
Pulmonary Alveoli / abnormalities*
Pulmonary Alveoli / physiopathology
Purpura Fulminans / complications*
Purpura Fulminans / diagnosis
Streptococcal Infections / complications*
Streptococcal Infections / diagnosis

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents