Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate with age in all tissues. Although senescent cells undergo cell-cycle arrest, these cells remain metabolically active and their secretome - known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype - is responsible for a systemic pro-inflammatory state, which contributes to an inflammatory microenvironment. Senescent cells can be found in the ageing prostate and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and can be linked to BPH and prostate cancer. Indeed, a number of signalling pathways provide biological plausibility for the role of senescence in both BPH and prostate cancer, although proving causality is difficult. The theory of senescence as a mechanism for prostate disease has a number of clinical implications and could offer opportunities for targeting in the future.
© 2021. Springer Nature Limited.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Aging / immunology
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Aging / physiology*
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Cellular Microenvironment / immunology
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Cellular Senescence / immunology
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Cellular Senescence / physiology*
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Cytokines / immunology
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Cytokines / metabolism
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Humans
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Inflammation / immunology
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Inflammation / metabolism
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Male
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Prostate / cytology
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Prostate / immunology
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Prostate / physiology*
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Prostatic Diseases / immunology
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Prostatic Diseases / metabolism
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Prostatic Diseases / pathology
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Prostatic Hyperplasia / immunology
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Prostatic Hyperplasia / metabolism
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Prostatic Hyperplasia / pathology*
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Prostatic Neoplasms / immunology
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Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
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Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology*
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Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype / immunology
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Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype / physiology*
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Tumor Microenvironment / immunology