Next-Generation Immunotherapy Approaches in Melanoma

Curr Oncol Rep. 2021 Aug 3;23(10):116. doi: 10.1007/s11912-021-01104-z.

Abstract

Purpose of review: For patients with metastatic melanoma, immune checkpoint inhibition has drastically changed outcomes. Here, we review the current and next generations of immune-based anti-cancer therapeutics for patients with metastatic melanoma.

Recent findings: The need for new anti-cancer therapeutics in patients with metastatic melanoma who have progression of disease despite immune checkpoint blockade is evident. Several novel agents are expected to have FDA approval within the next few years, as they have yielded impressive responses. Despite these optimistic agents, the field of immuno-oncology continues to expand and produce agents with novel mechanisms of action. The next generation of immunotherapy is based upon years of thoroughly researched immuno-oncology. Many of these agents are currently being evaluated in early phase clinical trials, and much of the preliminary data looks promising.

Keywords: Cell therapy; Checkpoints; Cytokines; Developmental therapeutics; Immunotherapy; Innate immunity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Cytokines / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Immune Checkpoint Proteins / immunology
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Immunotherapy / trends*
  • Melanoma / immunology
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Melanoma / therapy*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / transplantation
  • Toll-Like Receptors / agonists
  • Toll-Like Receptors / immunology

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
  • Immune Checkpoint Proteins
  • Toll-Like Receptors