Myrsinoic acid B from Myrsine coriacea reverses depressive-like behavior and brain oxidative stress in streptozotocin-diabetic rats

Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Sep 25:347:109603. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109603. Epub 2021 Aug 2.

Abstract

Aims: Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects approximately 322 million people worldwide and is a common comorbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). A possible pathophysiological mechanism correlating both diseases is the increased oxidative stress in brain regions due to hyperglycemia. Myrsine coriacea (Primulaceae) is popularly known as "capororoca" and studies have been shown that this plant exhibits several pharmacological properties attributed to myrsinoic acid A (MAA) and B (MAB). Indeed, previous results have been shown its effects on the central nervous system, leading us to explore possible psychotropic effects.

Main methods: The effects of treatment with hydroalcoholic extract of the barks from Myrsine coriacea (HEBMC, 150 mg/kg, o.g.), MAA (5 mg/kg, o.g.), and MAB (3 mg/kg, o.g.) were evaluated in streptozotocin (75 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced diabetic female rats. After 28 days of treatments, rats were submitted to the forced swim test (FST) and open field test (OFT). Also, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) levels were evaluated in the hippocampus (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of these rats.

Key findings: The treatment with MAA or MAB increased the latency of first immobility in diabetic rats, and the HEBMC administration decreased the immobility time, and increase the climbing in FST. However, only MAB treatment reduces the immobility time, increases the climbing, and swimming in FST, and increases the crossing of diabetic animals in the OFT. Besides, this behavioral improvement promoted by MAB administration was accompanied by reducing in oxidative stress in the HIP and PFC, but not reducing hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.

Significance: The results suggest that MAB's antioxidant effect in the HIP of diabetic animals may be essential to its antidepressant-like effect.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Major depressive disorder; Myrsine coriacea; Myrsinoic acid A; Myrsinoic acid B; Oxidative stress.

MeSH terms

  • Alkenes / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Antidepressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Benzofurans / therapeutic use*
  • Catalase / metabolism
  • Depression / etiology
  • Depression / prevention & control*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / chemically induced
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / metabolism
  • Female
  • Hippocampus / drug effects*
  • Myrsine / chemistry
  • Open Field Test / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Plant Bark / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / therapeutic use
  • Plant Stems / chemistry
  • Prefrontal Cortex / drug effects*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Streptozocin

Substances

  • Alkenes
  • Antidepressive Agents
  • Benzofurans
  • Plant Extracts
  • myrsinoic acid B
  • Streptozocin
  • Catalase